Monday, March 11, 2013

第十三课----衣服,逛街

*买东西
A: 你想买什么?
B: 我想买一条裙子或者裤子。
A: 你应该试试这条红色的裙子。
B: 好。你觉得我穿裙子好看还是穿裤子好看?
A: 我觉得你穿裙子好看。我帮你看看。你是几号?
B: 我是中号。那条裙子多少钱?
A: 二十块。
B: 很便宜!我买了.

*句子(Sentences)

  • 或者 is another form of "or"; the difference between 或者and 还是is that 或这is only used in statements, and 还是 is only used in questions.
    • Ex: 我想买一件衬衫或者毛衣。/ 你想买一件衬衫还是毛衣?
  • When a verb is duplicated (看看,试试,etc) it indicates a quick action, doing a little bit of something, or just softening the verb while speaking. *Verbs that indicate status or existence cannot be duplicated. 
    • The verb could also be followed by 一下(儿) rather than the repetition to get the same effect.
*生词(Vocabulary)
买--to buy
衬衫--shirt
件--M.W. for clothes (specifically tops)
裙子--skirt
裤子--pants
条--M.W. for clothes (specifically bottoms)
比较--relatively, comparatively
让--to let, to allow
试试--to try
帮--to help
觉得--to think, to feel


Sunday, March 10, 2013

第十课--时间表

*我的大学生活
爱文:
你好!
   这个学期我很忙, 有四门课:三个英国文学 和一个中文。 我每天七点半就起床,晚上十二点半才睡觉。九点二十分上课,四点差十分才下课。 然后我去我的宿舍看书。每天都有很多功课。这是我的大学生活, 你呢? 你给我写信吧。

-爱丽
 
*句子(Sentences)
  • 点(hour), 分(minute), 半(half hour), and 刻(quarter hour) are used to express time.
    • Ex: 9:15--九点十五分;九点一刻 / 10:30--十点半
  • To express days and months simply put the month's number in front of 月,and the day's number in front of either 日or 号; the same form is used to express the year, except using 年. 
    • In order to ask about the time, month, or day use 几 and when asking about the year use 哪.
  • The adverbs 就 and 才 are used before a verb to express that an event was or will be earlier than expected (就) and to convey a feeling of "belatedness" (才).
    • Ex: 我今天七点起床--I woke up at 7:00 today (simple statement of time), 我七点就起床--I woke up at 7:00 today (earlier than expected), 我七点才起床--I didn't wake up until 7:00 today (later than expected).
*生词 (Vocabulary)
生活--life
起床--to wake up
睡觉--to go to bed, to sleep
写--to write
信--letter
电子邮件--email
祝--to wish
喜欢--to like
然后--then, afterwards, after that
打球--to play basketball/badminton/tennis/table tennis

第九课--- 打电话

*他正在打电话
A: 喂!我是爱丽。请问,友朋在吗?
B: 我就是。 
A: 你好!你在忙吗?
B: 没有。我在看电视呢。你在做什么?
A: 我在上网呢。你想不想跟我一起做功课?
B: 想。什么时候?
A: 今天晚上八点,好不好?
B: 好,八点见!
A: 再见!

*句子(sentences)
  • To express being in the process of doing something, use the progressive form (similar to -ing in English). 
    • Sentence Pattern: Subject + 在 + Verb Phrase + 呢.
      • You can also replace 在 with 正 and 正在.
        • Ex: 我在看电视呢/我正看电视呢/我正在看电视呢
    • Negative Sentence Patterns: 没有,没,不 + 在+ Verb Phrase + 呢.
      • Ex: 我没有在看电视呢/我没在看电视呢/我不在看电视呢
    • Question Patterns: Subject 在做什么呢?(What is Subject doing?) and Subject 在 VP (Is Subject V-ing?)
      • Ex: 你在做什么呢?(What are you doing?)/你在看电视吗?(Are you watching TV?)
*生词(Vocabulary)
等一下儿--to wait for a moment, to hang on
知道--to know, to be aware of, to realize
忙--busy
电视--television
做--to do 
上网--to be online
我就是--(on the phone) this is he/she speaking
给--for, to; to give
留言 / 留话--to leave a message

第八课--见面, 相纣

*你有没有空儿?
  A: 下课以后你有事儿吗?(After class, do you have things?)
  B:  我没有, 你呢?(I don't, you?)
  A: 我去跟我的室友一起吃饭。 你去不去?(My roommate and I are going to eat. Do you go?)
  B: 太好了!你吃什么饭?(Very good! What are you going to eat?)
  A: 你想不想吃中国菜?(Do you want Chinese food?)
  B: 想, 可是我也想吃日本菜。(I want, but I also want to eat Japanese food.)
  A: 我们今天吃中国菜, 下次吃日本菜。 好不好?(Today we are going to eat Chinese, next time we will eat Japanese food. Is that good?) 
  B: 行。下课以后再见!(Okay, see you after class!)
  A: 再见! (Goodbye!)

句子(sentence)
  • A不A----你是不是学生?
    • Reply yes: 是,Reply no: 不是
    • 2 syllable verbs in A不A form are often shortened Ex: 你认不认识他?
  • Tag questions used for confirmation are usually formed with tags such as: 对不对,是不是,是吗, and 对吗.
生词 (Vocabulary)
以后--after, afterwards, later
一起--together
认识--to know, to recognize, to be acquainted with/familiar with
下次--next time
行--to be alright, to be okay
事儿--matter, thing, business
回--to return




Saturday, February 23, 2013

第十二课---请求

*我可以借你的车吗?
A: 爱丽,明天早上你用不用车?
B: 不用。你有什么事儿吗?
A: 我得去机场接我的妹妹。 我可以接你的车吗?
B: 可以,可是你会不会开手排挡的车?
A: 应该没问题。你的车停在哪儿?
B: 停在四号停车场。我的车是红色的。
A: 知道了。谢谢!
B: 不用谢。

*句子(Sentences)

  • Optative verbs--such as 要,想,应该,得,能,可以,and 会-- are used before the main verb to give permission and express wishes,desires, obligations, capabilities, or possibilities.
    • 要 (want, will, to be going to, have to), 想 (to want, intend, would like to), 应该(should, ought to , to be supposed to), 得(have to, to be required to), 能 (have the ability to, can, permission-may), 可以 (permission-may, can [depending on circumstances]), 会 (know how to, have the ability to, be likely to, will).
  • 从...去/到... (from...to...) commonly used to describe the movement from one place to another. 从...到... is only used for time.
    • Sentence Pattern: Subject + 从 + Place 1 + Means + 去 + Place 2 + Verb
      • Ex: 他们从上海坐飞机去洛杉矶完.
      • Ex: 这个学期是从一月到三月。
  • Use 多/少 in front of a verb or verb phrase to indicate doing more or less of that action.
    • Ex: 我应该多学习。
*生词(Vocabulary)
接--to pick up
借--to borrow
机场--airport
飞机--airplane
开--to drive
停--to park
这次--this time
练习--to practice
这样--thus, in this way, like this
就--then (connects two clauses, the first being the premise of the second)
进步--to improve




第十一课----点菜

*你要点菜吗?

服务员:您好!请问几位?
爱丽: 4位。 
服务员:好, 请坐。 你们想喝什么?
爱丽:我们想四杯冰水,两瓶可乐, 和两杯茶。
服务员:你要红茶还是绿茶。
爱丽:我要一杯红茶和一杯绿茶。
服务员:好,请等一下
——————————
服务员:Here are your drinks. 你们想点菜吗?
爱丽: 对, 我们要两碗汤和两盘鸡蛋炒饭。
服务员:好的。 请等一点点。

*句子(Sentences)

  • 还是(Similar to or in English) is used to ask a question choices
    • Ex: 你要茶还是水?--Do you want tea or water?
  • 还有(also, and) can be used in the same way as 和, but 还有 can be used to connect sentences whereas 和 cannot.
    • Ex: 我要冰水,红茶,还有可乐.-- I want ice water, red tea, and cola.
*生词 (Vocabulary)
喝--to drink
服务员--waiter/ waitress
坐--to sit
杯--M.W. cup
盘--M.W. plate
碗--M.W. bowl 
双--M.W. pair 
炒--to stirfry
点菜-- to order food
冰水--ice water
饭馆--restaurant